Mar 21: Xi-Putin Joint Statement
As published on the President of the Russian Federation website on March 21, 2023
Before reading…
I’ve bolded some of the statements that may be of interest. Section 10 concerns Ukraine and other theatres of operation for the Russian Federation and China. We’ll be discussing Xi’s visit to Moscow on EuroFile@6 on Thursday March 23, 2023.
Joint Statement by the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on Deepening Comprehensive Partnership and Strategic Cooperation, Entering a New Era
March 21, 2023
On March 20-22, 2023, President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping, at the invitation of President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, paid a state visit to the Russian Federation. The heads of state held talks in Moscow. President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping also met with Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Mikhail Mishustin.
The Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, declare the following.
I
The Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction, entering a new era, thanks to the consistent efforts of the Parties, have reached the highest level in their history and continue to develop steadily. The Parties confirm that bilateral relations are developing in accordance with the principles and spirit enshrined in the Treaty of Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China dated July 16, 2001, the Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Treaty on Good Neighborliness, friendship and cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China of June 28, 2021 and the Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on international relations entering a new era,
The parties note that relations between Russia and China, while not being a military-political alliance similar to the alliances established during the Cold War, are superior to this form of interstate interaction, are not bloc and confrontational in nature and are not directed against third countries. Russian-Chinese relations are mature, stable, self-sufficient and strong, have stood the test of the COVID-19 pandemic and the turbulent international situation, are not subject to external influence, demonstrate vitality and positive energy .The friendship of the two peoples, passed down from generation to generation, has a solid foundation, and all-round cooperation between the two states has the broadest prospects. Russia is interested in a stable and prosperous China, and China is interested in a strong and successful Russia.
Considering each other as priority partners, the Parties invariably show respect for each other and interact on an equal footing, representing an example of relations between large states in the modern world. With the leading role of the diplomacy of the leaders, the Parties maintain intensive communication at all levels, carry out in-depth contacts on significant issues of mutual interest, strengthen mutual trust, constantly ensure the high-quality promotion of high-level bilateral relations and express readiness to further deepen interstate relations and develop dialogue mechanisms in various areas.
The parties note the rapid nature of the changes taking place in the world, the profound transformation of the international architecture, the irreversibility of such historical trends as peace, development, cooperation and joint gain, ascertain the acceleration of the process of establishing a multipolar world order, the strengthening of the positions of emerging market and developing countries, the growth in the number of regional powers that have an impact on global processes and demonstrate the desire to defend their legitimate national interests. At the same time, manifestations of hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism are still widespread. Attempts to replace the universally recognized principles and norms of international law with a "rules-based order" are unacceptable.
The viability of the multipolar model and ensuring the sustainable development of states depend on its universal openness and taking into account the interests of all countries without exception on an inclusive and non-discriminatory basis. Russia and China call on all countries to promote such universal human values as peace, development, equality, justice, democracy and freedom, engage in dialogue rather than confrontation, apply an inclusive rather than exclusive approach, peacefully coexist, pursue mutually beneficial cooperation, promote peaceful development of the world.
Under these conditions, the Parties maintain close foreign policy coordination and interaction on multilateral platforms, resolutely upholding equality and justice, promoting the construction of a new type of international relations.
The Parties emphasize that the strengthening and deepening of the Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction entering a new era is a strategic choice independent of external influence, based on the national specifics of each of the Parties, meets the fundamental interests of the two states and their peoples, corresponds to modern trends development, are not influenced by external factors.
The parties intend:
- Guided by the agreements reached between the heads of state, invariably ensure the right course for the development of bilateral relations;
- provide resolute mutual support in protecting each other's fundamental interests, primarily sovereignty, territorial integrity , security and development;
- adhering to the principle of mutual benefit, continuously deepen and expand practical cooperation in the process of modernization for the purpose of joint development and prosperity, so as to bring even greater benefits to the peoples of Russia and China;
- to promote mutual understanding and rapprochement between the peoples of the two countries, tirelessly strengthen the social and civil base of the friendship between the two states passed down from generation to generation;
– promote a multipolar world order, economic globalization and democratization of international relations, promote the development of global governance in a more equitable and rational manner.
II
The Parties note that each state has its own historical, cultural, national characteristics and has the right to independently choose its own path of development. There is no "higher democracy". The parties oppose the imposition by one state of its values on other states, drawing ideological lines, creating a false narrative about the so-called confrontation between democracies and autocracies, using democracy and freedom as a pretext and political tool to put pressure on other states. The Russian Side attaches great importance and will study with interest the Global Civilization Initiative of the Chinese Side.
The Parties note that the universal realization of human rights is the common aspiration of mankind. Each state has the right to independently choose the path of development in the field of human rights. Different civilizations and countries should respect and accept each other, communicate and borrow the best. The parties will steadily promote human rights at the national and global levels.
The Chinese side supports the fulfillment by the Russian side of the national development goals until 2030. The Russian side supports the implementation by the Chinese side of the tasks of modernization according to the Chinese model.
The parties oppose the interference of external forces in internal affairs.
The Russian side reaffirms its adherence to the "one China" principle, recognizes that Taiwan is an integral part of the PRC, opposes the independence of Taiwan in any form, and firmly supports the actions of the Chinese side to protect its state sovereignty and territorial integrity.
The parties agreed to develop the exchange of experience in the legislative field and in the development and application of legislation governing interaction with foreign entities in order to legally support the development of Russian-Chinese relations and international cooperation between the two countries.
The parties will continue to strengthen the confidential dialogue between the lines of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and their subdivisions, and within the framework of consultations of high representatives on strategic security and on issues of public security, justice and law and order, will promote contacts between the political parties of the two countries.
The parties agreed to discuss holding annual meetings of the ministers of internal affairs and public security, to increase cooperation in the law enforcement sphere in order to counter the "color revolutions", fight the "three forces of evil", including the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, cross-border organized crime, economic crimes and crimes, drug related.
The parties will regularly conduct joint patrols at sea and in the air and joint exercises, develop exchanges and cooperation, including within the framework of all existing bilateral cooperation mechanisms, and deepen mutual trust between the armed forces of the two countries.
The Parties attach great importance to ensuring security, protecting the rights and interests of persons and institutions of the two countries located abroad, will continue to promote the formation of relevant bilateral and multilateral mechanisms and specialized dialogue, constantly expand the formats and areas of cooperation in the field of ensuring the security of citizens living abroad, projects and institutions.
III
The parties intend to make coordinated targeted efforts to effectively raise the level and ensure a truly strategic nature of practical cooperation in all areas in order to strengthen the material base of Russian-Chinese relations and improve the well-being of the peoples of the two states.
The Parties will help to consolidate the growth trend of bilateral trade, gradually improve its structure, implement the Roadmap for the High-Quality Development of Russian-Chinese Trade in Goods and Services, support the development of electronic commerce, identify new growth points, increase the coverage and efficiency of trade and economic cooperation, work on minimizing the negative impact of external risks on it, ensuring sustainability, stability and security of production and supply and logistics chains. The parties intend to deepen interregional cooperation, expand its geography and scope, increase exchanges and cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses.
The parties will progressively promote investment cooperation in various fields, improve the business environment and legal support, introduce innovative forms of interaction, deepen cooperation in the digital economy and sustainable, including green, development . The parties will continue developing a new version of the Russian-Chinese Investment Cooperation Plan.
The Parties welcome the Joint Statement of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China dated December 5, 2022 "On the start of negotiations to update the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the promotion and mutual protection of investments dated November 9, 2006" and will continue negotiations on this issue in order to achieve a greater level of investment protection and simplify the conditions for attracting them, providing a more stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment for both investors and their investments .
The parties will continue to strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation in the financial sector, including to ensure the continuity of settlements between the economic entities of the two countries, support the expansion of the use of national currencies in bilateral trade, investment, lending and other trade and economic transactions.
The parties intend to pursue even closer partnership in the energy sector, support Russian and Chinese enterprises in the implementation of energy cooperation projects in the oil and gas, coal, electric power, nuclear and other fields, as well as initiatives that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including those related to the use of low-emission and renewable energy sources. The Parties will jointly protect international energy security (including critical cross-border infrastructure), the stability of energy production and supply chains, promote fair energy transitions and low-carbon development, taking into account the principle of technological neutrality, and jointly contribute to the long-term, healthy and stable development of the global energy market.
The parties will continue to develop practical cooperation in the field of civil aviation, automotive, shipbuilding, metallurgy, as well as in other areas of mutual interest.
The parties will strengthen cooperation in the field of transport, improve cross-border infrastructure, increase the throughput of checkpoints and ensure their stable operation. The parties intend to continue to support the development of rail and sea freight traffic in the China-Europe transit through the territory of the Russian Federation and improve their efficiency.
The parties will deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in the space sector in areas of mutual interest, including within the framework of the Program for the Development of Cooperation in Space Activities between the State Space Corporation Roscosmos and the Chinese National Space Administration for 2023-2027.
The parties will contribute to the creation of favorable conditions, increase volumes and diversify supplies of agricultural products and food to the national markets of Russia and China.
The Parties welcome the holding of the Seventh Russian-Chinese EXPO in 2023 on the territory of the Russian Federation in Yekaterinburg.
The Chinese Side supports the promotion of integration processes within the Eurasian Economic Union, the Russian Side supports the One Belt, One Road initiative. The Parties are making active joint efforts to link the development plans of the Eurasian Economic Union and the One Belt, One Road initiative in order to strengthen interconnectedness in the space of the Eurasian region, continue to work on the implementation of the Agreement on trade and economic cooperation between the EAEU and its Member States, with one part, and by the People's Republic of China, on the other hand, on May 17, 2018.
The parties confirm their focus on the parallel and coordinated formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership and the construction of the "One Belt, One Road" in the interests of developing bilateral and multilateral integration processes for the benefit of the peoples of the Eurasian continent.
The Parties attach great importance to the work on the implementation of the Roadmap for the development of cooperation between the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China and Mongolia in the medium term in 2015 and the Program for the Creation of the Russia-Mongolia-China Economic Corridor in 2016 to further deepen comprehensive cooperation in this trilateral format, intensify efforts to consistent linkage of this promising mechanism with cooperation within the framework of the SCO, the EAEU and other regional organizations and mechanisms. The parties will make efforts to advance work on the study and approval of the project for the construction of a new gas pipeline from Russia to China through the territory of Mongolia.
The parties agreed to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of combating money laundering, including within the framework of multilateral formats.
IV
The Parties oppose the politicization of international humanitarian cooperation, discrimination against representatives of the spheres of culture, education, science, sports on any grounds, including citizenship, language, religion, political and other beliefs, national or social origin.
The parties intend to make active efforts aimed at restoring and building up the dynamics of Russian-Chinese face-to-face exchanges and cooperation in the humanitarian sphere, consistently strengthening friendship between the peoples of the two states and the public base of bilateral relations.
The parties will deepen cooperation in the field of education, promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of education of Russian citizens in China and Chinese citizens in Russia, encourage inter-university cooperation, support the activities of Russian-Chinese specialized associations of universities and the Association of Pre-University Educational Institutions of Russia and China, promote joint educational institutions and programs, exchanges in the field of secondary vocational education , deepen cooperation in the field of language teaching, develop two-way exchange between students and interaction in the field of digital education.
The Parties will deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in the field of scientific and technical innovations, expand industry exchange of personnel, realize the potential for interaction in the field of fundamental and applied research, implement the results of scientific and technical developments into production, focus efforts on conducting joint breakthrough research in advanced areas of science and technology and on global issues of global development, including those related to climate change mitigation and adaptation, will introduce new models of cooperation in such technological and industrial areas as artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, fifth-generation communication networks, digital and low-carbon economies.
The parties will increase exchanges and strengthen mutual contacts between museums, libraries, art galleries, theaters and other cultural institutions, as well as literary and artistic associations of the two countries. The parties will expand cooperation in the field of tourism, encourage the formation of a comfortable tourism environment.
The parties will deepen cooperation in the field of healthcare, expand ties in the field of scientific research and higher medical education, increase contacts and cooperation in the control and supervision of the circulation of medicines and medical devices, develop interaction in such areas as disaster medicine, infectious diseases, oncology and nuclear medicine, maternal and child health, ophthalmology, psychiatry, to strengthen the relevant work within the framework of such multilateral platforms as WHO, BRICS, SCO, G20, APEC.
The Parties will continue to develop cooperation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in order to counter the threats of epidemics, and will jointly oppose attempts at the platforms of international organizations to adopt legally binding mechanisms that limit the sovereignty of countries in the field of prevention and control of infectious diseases, prevention and response to biological threats.
The parties highly appreciate the positive results of the Years of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the field of physical culture and sports in 2022-2023, and will continue to strengthen comprehensive cooperation in this area, contributing to the joint development of physical culture and sports of the two countries. The Chinese side supports the Russian initiative to hold the International Multisport Tournament "Games of the Future" in Kazan in 2024. The parties oppose the politicization of sports and hope to use the unique role of physical culture and sports to promote solidarity and peace.
The parties welcome the relevant initiatives and decisions of the International Olympic Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia, jointly uphold the Olympic values, and are ready to create venues with favorable conditions for holding competitions with the participation of qualified athletes from all countries.
The parties will continue to strengthen cooperation in such areas as scientific research of the seas and oceans, protection of the marine environment, prevention of natural disasters at sea and mitigation of their consequences, development of marine equipment. The parties will continue to deepen practical cooperation in the fields of polar scientific research, environmental protection and expedition organization, and will make a greater public contribution to the global management of the seas and oceans.
The parties intend to jointly increase the level of interaction in the field of emergency response; to establish cooperation in such areas as aviation rescue technologies, monitoring and forecasting of emergency situations, personnel training; conduct joint exercises of emergency response teams to respond to disasters, including in border regions; to develop cooperation and exchange of information in relation to search and rescue operations at sea.
The Parties intend to develop cooperation and mutual exchange of information on the policy in the field of radio, television and audiovisual content on the Internet, to intensify interaction in such areas as the joint production and mutual broadcast of television programs, the use of technical developments in order to promote the joint development of the industry.
The parties agree to strengthen exchanges between the media, think tanks, publishing houses, to cooperate in the field of social sciences and archives, literature and art.
The parties intend to develop cooperation in the field of spiritual and moral education of young people, provide opportunities for self-realization, entrepreneurial, innovative, creative and other creative activities of children and youth, as well as to expand direct contacts and joint youth projects between Russia and China.
The parties will continue to deepen interaction through bilateral events in the field of volunteerism, entrepreneurship, creativity and creative industries, the development of the children's movement, including through further coordinated work on multilateral youth platforms within the UN, BRICS, SCO, CICA and the G20.
V
The Parties reaffirm their readiness to resolutely defend the international system in which the UN plays a central role, the world order based on international law and the fundamental norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; oppose all forms of hegemony, unilateral approaches and power politics, cold war thinking, bloc confrontation and the creation of narrow formats directed against certain countries.
In this context, the Russian Side notes the positive significance of the Chinese Side's concept of building a "community with a common destiny for mankind" in order to strengthen the solidarity of the world community and unite efforts in responding to common challenges. The Chinese Side positively assesses the constructive and consistent efforts of the Russian Side to form a fair multipolar system of international relations.
The Parties support building an open world economy, uphold the multilateral trading system, in which the World Trade Organization plays a central role, promote the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, call for an open, fair, fair, non-discriminatory development environment, oppose unilateral approaches, protectionism, the creation of barriers and obstacles, disruption of links and supply chains, unilateral sanctions and pressure-limit policies.
The Russian Side positively assesses the Global Development Initiative and will continue to participate in the work of the Group of Friends in support of it. The Parties will continue to encourage the international community to focus on development issues and increase their contribution to it, will jointly contribute to the success of the UN Summit on Sustainable Development Goals, ensuring the early implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The parties are deeply concerned about the serious challenges in the field of international security, and proceed from the fact that the destinies of the peoples of all countries are interconnected, no state should ensure its security at the expense of the security of other states. The Parties call on the international community, on the basis of the principle of collective discussions and joint actions, to take an active part in global security management, effectively strengthen global strategic stability and ensure universal, comprehensive, sustainable security based on cooperation, using appropriate international mechanisms, including instruments of control over armaments, disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. To this end, the Parties reaffirm the need for comprehensive work to update and improve the international security architecture in order to make it more resilient to crises. One of the central pillars of international security should be the agreed upon and strictly observed principles and parameters of peaceful coexistence at the present historical stage, which would make it possible to minimize the potential for conflict in interstate relations.. Conflicts between the permanent members of the UN Security Council, which have a special responsibility in maintaining peace and global stability, should be avoided to the maximum extent possible.
The Parties condemn terrorism in all its manifestations, promote the idea of forming a single global counter-terrorism front with the central coordinating role of the UN, oppose politicization and double standards in the fight against terrorism and extremism, condemn the practice of interference in the internal affairs of states under the pretext of combating international terrorism and extremism, as well as attempts to use terrorist and extremist groups for geopolitical purposes. The parties stand for an objective, unbiased, professional investigation into the explosions at the Nord Stream gas pipelines.
The Parties are determined to continue close cooperation on issues of regional and global security, including within the framework of the implementation of the Global Security Initiative, to promptly exchange views and coordinate positions on significant issues of global and regional scale, to make efforts to protect peace and security in all the world.
The parties have established effective cooperation in bilateral and multilateral formats on combating the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, protecting the life and health of the population of the two countries and peoples of the world. The Parties support the deepening of information exchange on the subject of the COVID-19 pandemic and the strengthening of coordination when interacting at such platforms as WHO. The parties jointly oppose the designs and attempts to politicize the issue of the origin of the virus.
VI
The parties will continue close cooperation in strengthening the role and influence of the SCO in ensuring peace, security and stability in its space. Together with other SCO member states, they intend to make efforts to improve the activities of the Organization at the present stage in the interests of effectively countering new challenges and threats, deepening mutually beneficial multilateral relations in the fields of trade, economy, cultural and humanitarian ties in Eurasia.
Russia highly appreciates the successful hosting of the 14th BRICS Summit by China. The parties are ready, together with other members of the association, to implement the agreements reached during the past BRICS summits, deepen practical cooperation in all areas, actively promote discussions on expanding the BRICS and increase the number of shareholders of the New Development Bank, dynamically develop cooperation in the BRICS outreach / BRICS format Plus, advocate for the interests of developing and emerging market countries.
The parties intend to develop cooperation within the "Russia-India-China" and "Russia-China-Mongolia" formats, as well as to strengthen interaction at such venues as the East Asia Summit, the ASEAN Regional Forum on Security, the Meeting of Defense Ministers of ASEAN member countries and partners by dialogue. Russia and China will continue to build up coordination on deepening cooperation with ASEAN, and intend to continue working in the interests of strengthening the role of the Association as a key element of the regional architecture.
The Parties consider it necessary to further strengthen the potential of UNESCO as a universal intergovernmental forum in the humanitarian sphere, to contribute to maintaining a truly multilateral, mutually respectful and professional dialogue on the UNESCO platform, aimed at effectively seeking the consent of the Member States and advancing a unifying agenda. The Parties will encourage the expansion of cooperation between UNESCO and the SCO on issues of mutual interest, including on the basis of the Memorandum of Understanding between the SCO Secretariat and the UNESCO Secretariat.
The parties are determined to strengthen coordination within the G20 and other multilateral mechanisms, encourage the G20 to respond to current challenges in the international financial and economic sphere, improve the system of global economic governance on a fair and rational basis so that it better reflects the structure of the world economy, which includes increased representation and greater voting rights for emerging markets and developing countries. The parties support the accession of the African Union to the G20.
The parties intend to strengthen coordination within the framework of APEC with a view to the comprehensive and balanced implementation of the "Putrajaya guidelines for the development of APEC until 2040", which provide for the creation of an open, dynamic, viable and peaceful Asia-Pacific community.
The parties intend to strengthen cooperation on issues of supporting the multilateral trading system based on WTO rules and combating trade protectionism, which manifests itself, among other things, in the establishment of illegitimate unilateral restrictions on trade, strengthen dialogue on the WTO agenda, including its reform in order to increase the role of the WTO in the global economic governance, in particular to contribute to the restoration of the functioning of the dispute resolution mechanism by 2024, and the implementation of agreements reached as a result of discussions on joint initiatives in the field of investment facilitation and e-commerce.
The parties strongly condemn the politicization of multilateral platforms and the attempts of individual countries to include non-core issues on their agenda, damaging the implementation of the priorities of these formats.
VII
Emphasizing the importance of the Joint Statement by the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States on the Prevention of Nuclear War and the Prevention of an Arms Race, the Parties reiterate that there can be no winners in a nuclear war and it must never be unleashed. The Parties call on all countries that have signed the Joint Statement to follow its key postulates in practice, including effectively reducing the risk of a nuclear war and any armed conflict between states possessing nuclear weapons. Against the background of the degradation of relations between nuclear powers, measures to reduce strategic risks should be organically integrated into the overall efforts to reduce tensions between states, create more constructive relations and minimize the grounds for the emergence of contradictions in the field of security.
The Parties confirm that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is the cornerstone of the international mechanisms for nuclear disarmament and the international regime for the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. The Parties reaffirm their commitment to their obligations under this Treaty and will continue to coordinate efforts to preserve and strengthen the Treaty in the interests of maintaining international peace and security.
The parties express serious concern about the consequences and risks for strategic stability in the Asia-Pacific region in connection with the establishment of a trilateral security partnership (AUCUS) between the US, UK and Australia and their plans to build nuclear submarines. The parties strongly urge the members of this partnership to strictly fulfill their obligations to non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, to maintain regional peace, stability and development in the region.
The parties express serious concerns about Japan's plans to release radioactive contaminated water this year into the ocean, accumulated after the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant, emphasize that Japan should be transparent in contacts with neighboring countries, other interested states, international agencies and including conducting comprehensive consultations on this issue. The parties insist on the disposal of radioactive contaminated water by Japan in an appropriate scientific, transparent and safe manner, and agreed to long-term monitoring by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and interested states to ensure the effective protection of the marine environment, as well as the rights and interests of the population of all countries in protecting your health.
The Parties reaffirm the importance of promptly resuming the full and effective implementation of the Agreement on the Iranian Nuclear Program and UN Security Council Resolution 2231, in connection with which they called on all interested parties to take political decisions that would contribute to a positive outcome of negotiations on the resumption of the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
The Parties reaffirm the need to strictly comply with and consistently strengthen the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, including through its institutionalization, as well as the adoption of a legally binding protocol with an effective verification mechanism. The Parties express serious concern about the military biological activities of the United States of America, carried out on their national territory and beyond, which pose a serious threat to the security of other states and entire regions, demand that the United States provide explanations on this matter and not carry out any biological activities that are contrary to the said Convention. ,
The parties are committed to the goal of building a world free of chemical weapons and are deeply concerned about the politicization of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. The parties insist that the United States, as the only state party to the Chemical Weapons Convention that has not completed the process of destroying its stockpile of chemical weapons, expedite its elimination, and call on Japan to complete the destruction of chemical weapons left in China as soon as possible.
Russia and China express concern about the increased US efforts to create a global missile defense system and deploy its elements in various regions of the world, combined with the build-up of precision non-nuclear weapons for delivering a disarming strike and other strategic capabilities, as well as the US desire to deploy ground-based medium-range missiles. and shorter range in the Asia-Pacific and European regions and their transfer to their allies. The parties call on the United States to stop undermining international and regional security and global strategic stability in order to secure its unilateral military advantage.
Russia and China oppose attempts by individual countries to turn outer space into an arena of armed confrontation and will oppose activity aimed at achieving military superiority and using it for military operations. The Parties reaffirm the need to launch negotiations as soon as possible on the creation, on the basis of the Russian-Chinese draft treaty on the prevention of the placement of weapons in outer space, the use of force or the threat of force against space objects, of a multilateral legally binding instrument that would provide fundamental and reliable guarantees for the prevention of an arms race in outer space, placement of weapons in outer space and the use of force or the threat of force against or with the help of space objects.
The parties attach great importance to the issue of regulation of artificial intelligence and are ready to increase exchanges and cooperation on this topic.
The parties oppose the militarization of information and communication technologies, limiting their development and cooperation in this area. Support the creation of a multilateral, equal and transparent global Internet governance system while ensuring the sovereignty and security of all countries in this area. We welcome the activities of the UN Open-ended Working Group on Security in the Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and ICT 2021-2025 as the only process within the UN in the field of international information security. It is believed that it is necessary to develop new norms for the responsible behavior of states in the information space, in particular, to adopt a universal international legal document. The Russian concept of a convention on international information security and the Chinese Global Data Security Initiative will make a significant contribution to its development. Support the work of the UN Special Committee on the development of a comprehensive international convention on combating the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes.
VIII
The Parties take effective measures, develop cooperation and make an important contribution in the field of climate change prevention and adaptation, organization and operation of carbon asset trading systems, implementation of voluntary climate projects, exchange of experience at the national and regional levels on reducing global warming and adaptation to him.
The Parties reaffirm their commitment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, as well as to the goals, principles and provisions of the Paris Agreement, in particular the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, adhere to true multilateralism, promote the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement. The Parties emphasize that increased financial support from developed countries to developing countries is essential to strengthen measures to reduce the rate of global warming and address the issue of unequal access to finance . The parties oppose the creation of barriers to international trade under the pretext of combating climate change and using climate issues for political purposes.
The Parties appreciate the results achieved during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, chaired by the People's Republic of China, and express the hope that they will make a positive contribution to advancing the process of global biodiversity governance. The Parties steadily promote international cooperation and exchanges in the field of biodiversity, actively implement the goals of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, jointly promote the harmonious development of man and nature, and promote global sustainable development.
IX
The parties believe that the purposes and principles of the UN Charter must be respected and international law must be respected. The Russian Side positively assesses the objective and unbiased position of the Chinese Side on the Ukrainian issue. The Parties oppose that any states and their blocs, in order to obtain military, political and other advantages, damage the legitimate interests of other countries in the field of security. The Chinese side positively assesses the willingness of the Russian side to make efforts to restart the peace talks as soon as possible.
Russia welcomes China's readiness to play a positive role in the politico-diplomatic settlement of the Ukrainian crisis and the constructive considerations set forth in the document drawn up by the Chinese side "On China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis."
The parties note that in order to resolve the Ukrainian crisis, it is necessary to respect the legitimate concerns of all countries in the field of security and prevent the formation of bloc confrontation, stop actions that further fuel the conflict.
The parties stress that a responsible dialogue is the best way for a sustainable resolution of the Ukrainian crisis, and the international community should support constructive efforts in this regard.
The parties call for an end to all steps that contribute to the escalation of tension and prolongation of hostilities, to avoid further degradation of the crisis up to its transition into an uncontrollable phase. The parties oppose all unilateral sanctions imposed in circumvention of the UN Security Council.
The parties insist that NATO strictly comply with the obligations relating to the regional and defensive character of the said Organization. They call on NATO to respect the sovereignty of other states, their security and interests, civilizational and historical and cultural diversity, to treat the peaceful development of other states objectively and without prejudice. The parties express great concern over the ongoing strengthening of NATO's ties with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region on military and security issues, as well as undermining by the Organization of regional peace and stability. The parties oppose the formation in the Asia-Pacific region of closed exclusive bloc structures, bloc policies and opposing camps. The parties note the negative impact on peace and stability in this region of the Indo-Pacific strategy of the United States, driven by the Cold War mentality. Russia and China are committed to building an equal, open and inclusive security system in the Asia-Pacific region that is not directed against third countries in order to maintain peace, stability and prosperity in the region.
The parties believe that the protection of peace and stability in Northeast Asia is in the interests of all interested states. The parties oppose the undermining of peace and stability in the region by military force emanating from beyond its borders, call on the countries involved to abandon Cold War thinking and ideological prejudices, exercise restraint and not take steps that undermine regional security.
The parties express concern over the situation on the Korean Peninsula and strongly urge all interested states to show calm and restraint, making efforts to reduce tension. The American side should respond with real action to the legitimate and rational concerns of the North Korean side and create conditions for the resumption of dialogue. The parties invariably insist on the need to ensure peace and stability on the peninsula, including the implementation of its denuclearization, joint initiatives promote the creation of a mechanism for maintaining peace and security on it, consider pressure through sanctions unacceptable and futile, and dialogue and consultations are the only way to solve the problems of the peninsula. The parties will continue close contacts and interaction, in order to continuously advance the process of political settlement in the peninsula in accordance with the idea of "parallel progress" and the principles of phased and synchronicity. The parties call on all interested states to actively respond to the joint efforts of Russia and China advocating peace and negotiations and play a constructive role in this process.
The parties stand for the protection of peace and stability in the Middle East, support the countries of the region in strengthening strategic independence and resolving acute problems through dialogue and consultations, and oppose interference in the internal affairs of the countries of the region. The parties welcome the normalization of relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran achieved through dialogue. The parties support a comprehensive and just settlement of the Palestinian question based on the two-state principle. The parties stand in support of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria, and contribute to the promotion of a comprehensive process of political settlement, organized and carried out by the Syrians themselves. The parties stand for the protection of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Libya, contribute to the advancement of a comprehensive process of political settlement, carried out and led by the Libyans themselves. The parties will strengthen contacts in connection with the security initiatives put forward by each of them in the Persian Gulf region and work to interface them in order to jointly create a collective security architecture for the Persian Gulf region.
The parties note the positive contribution of the Collective Security Treaty Organization to ensuring regional security. They note the potential for developing cooperation between the CSTO and the PRC in order to ensure peace and stability in the region.
The parties are ready to strengthen mutual coordination to support the countries of Central Asia in ensuring their sovereignty and national development, do not accept attempts to import "color revolutions" and external interference in the affairs of the region.
The Parties will strengthen contacts and coordination on issues related to African states, maintain a favorable and healthy atmosphere of international cooperation in Africa, support the efforts of African states to independently resolve the problems of the continent, and contribute to the common cause of peace and development on the African continent. Russia and China will continue the practice of holding consultations on issues related to Latin America, pay attention to strengthening mutual contacts and dialogue while developing bilateral relations with Latin America and the Caribbean, and continue to promote stability and prosperity in the region.
The parties stand for the preservation of the Arctic as a territory of peace, stability and constructive cooperation.